Exercise Answers
A. Choose the correct answer.
1. The main cities during the second phase of urbanization flourished along:
a. the Ganga River
b. the Indus River
c. the Brahmaputra River
d. the Godavari River
Ans. a. the Ganga River
2. This city was an important centre of learning in Ancient India:
a. Tamralipti
b. Rajagriha
c. Nalanda
d. Ujjaini
Ans. b. Rajagriha
3. The port of Bharukachcha lies in:
a. Gujarat
b. Bombay
c. Odisha
d. Chennai
Ans. a. Gujarat
4. One of the artefacts found at Arikamedu found at Arikamedu that indicates it had trading relations with Rome is:
a. a wooden doll
b. two silver anklets
c. an amphora
d. a jade bangle
Ans. c. an amphora
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. An important feature of the second urbanization of India was the use __________ to make tools and implements.
Ans. iron
2. The guilds were presented over by a ________.
Ans. Pramukha
3. Landless farmers who worked on other's lands were known as ________.
Ans. dasakarmakaras
4. __________, located near Puducherry, was an important centre of trade of ancient India.
Ans. Arikamedu
C. Answer in one or two sentences:
1. What is urbanization?
Ans. Urbanisation is a process by which people move from villages to towns and cities, leading to the growth of urban centres.
2. What was the second urbanization in India?
Ans. As Agriculture production increased, and as trade grew and crafts multiplied, towns and cities started developing in the Indian subcontinent once more.
3. How does megasthenes describe Patliputra?
Ans. The megasthenes describe Pataliputra as it was surrounded by a wooden wall pierced by 64 gates and 570 towers.
4. What were the main functions of guilds?
Ans. The guilds provided training in the crafts, made rules and regulations, fixed the prices of goods, and also gave loans in times of need.
5. Name some literary sources from where we come to know about the Second Urbanization?
Ans. Jataka Tales, Chanakya's Arthashastra.
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